Two children aged <5 years presented with paraesthesias, limb pain, behavioural disturbances, weight loss and poor sleep for 2.5 months and had hypertension on examination. Extensive evaluation for ...

Atrial septal defects (ASD) may lead to supraventricular arrhythmias, notably atrial flutter and fibrillation, as a consequence of right atrial volume overload resulting from left-to-right shunting, ...

Patients with Melkersson–Rosenthal syndrome (MRS) experience prolonged periods of functional impairment due to partial or ...

Hypomagnesaemia with secondary hypocalcaemia is a rare disorder characterised by severe hypomagnesaemia with moderate to ...

Chronic liver disease (CLD) is prevalent worldwide, but clinicians often struggle to identify the precise aetiology. Renal involvement in CLD is also puzzling, with varied pathologies and risk factors ...

Angina bullosa haemorrhagica (ABH) is a rare condition in which blood-filled blisters may rapidly form within the oral mucosa. While these blisters often self-resolve without treatment, there have ...

A man in his 70s had an episode of vertical visual tilt after blinking, as if the room tilted to the right, and of deviation of the body to the right when he walked, together with slight vertigo and ...

A man in his 40s presented with a 6-month history of progressive exertional dyspnoea. Initial evaluation, including high-resolution CT, which, while demonstrating some findings consistent with ...

Two main types of autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) have been described: type 1, linked to IgG4-related disease, and type 2, associated with inflammatory bowel diseases. Recently, a third type has been ...

Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) are essential medications for many people living with solid-organ transplants. CNI therapy helps prevent organ transplant rejection, though it requires monitoring to ...

Juvenile systemic sclerosis (JSSc) is a rare, progressive autoimmune disorder that can affect the skin, musculoskeletal system, gastrointestinal tract, lungs, heart, kidney and endocrine glands.

Dieulafoy lesions are a rare, non-variceal cause of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding arising from dilated submucosal arteries without any underlying ulcer, which if undiagnosed can cause significant ...